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Medications For Anxiety Disorder and Depression Many people use medication to manage anxiety, but they aren't the only solution. Exercise and psychotherapy are effective treatments too. Some antidepressants, like SSRIs (citalopram, Lexapro, fluoxetine, Prozac, paroxetine, Zoloft) also treat anxiety. Other medications, like histamine blockers such as Vistaril (hydroxyzine) can also help relieve anxiety. Antidepressants If you've been diagnosed with depression, your doctor may prescribe medication as part of a treatment program. Antidepressants are one of the most commonly prescribed medications and there are a variety of kinds to pick from. The type your provider chooses will depend on the severity of your symptoms and any other medical issues you have, and the treatment goals. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and serotonin-noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) are among the most commonly prescribed antidepressants. These work by changing the way that nerve cells in your brain communicate. The drugs increase the amount neurotransmitters in your brain, which helps improve your mood and reduces anxiety. Antidepressants can take a while to yield results, so take your time and adhere to your treatment. The benzodiazepines are an alternative your doctor may recommend to treat depression and anxiety. These medications are fast-acting and can be used to reduce depression and anxiety symptoms in a short period of time. Examples of benzodiazepines are lorazepam and alprazolam. They inhibit the actions of adrenaline and noradrenaline which are hormones that play a role in the body's fight or flight response. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors are an older type of antidepressant which is also effective in treating anxiety and depression. They are usually reserved for those who aren't responding to other antidepressants, and they require changes in diet to prevent hypertensive reactions that result from interactions with amino acids like tyramine. Tell your doctor if you are taking an antidepressant with a prescription. This includes vitamins and other supplements. You may need to lower the dosage if you're taking other medications that can affect the way antidepressants function, or if they cause negative side effects. If you're worried that you're experiencing thoughts of suicide, seek assistance right away by a health professional. You may have different signs of depression and anxiety or you may have a comorbidity of depression and anxiety. Patients with comorbid depression as well as anxiety have a less favorable medical prognosis than people who suffer from either disorder on their own. Certain psychiatric drugs have been shown to be particularly helpful in treating both disorders for people with a comorbidity of anxiety and depression. Benzodiazepines Benzodiazepines can ease anxiety symptoms, including alprazolam, clonazepam and chlordiazepoxid diazepam and lorazepam. These medications act on the benzodiazepine-receptors of the central nervous system that are transmembrane protein molecules that form an benzylchloride channel in the center. The benzodiazepine receptors have an association site for the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutryic acid type A (GABA-A). The benzodiazepines reduce nerve activity by increasing GABA-A levels. The Benzodiazepines are famous for their rapid onset but also high risks of dependence and addiction. Antipsychotics and antidepressants, as well as anticonvulsants and buspirone have a slower time of action, however they are still beneficial for long-term usage, since they don't cause dependence or tolerance. Depression can be a comorbidity of anxiety disorders, and antidepressants can aid in reducing the symptoms of depression that are a result of anxiety. However, many sufferers of depression experience a mixture of depressive and anxious symptoms and will need a combination of medication and therapy for talk to manage all their symptoms. In these instances benzodiazepines may be utilized for short periods of time to manage depression and anxiety symptoms until other medication takes effect. Usually, these medications are prescribed for only just a few weeks at a stretch and are not used on a daily basis. These medicines should not be used for prolonged periods of time because they can cause withdrawal symptoms like shaking or trouble sleeping. Inform your doctor if you have ever had any issues with substance abuse, dependence or mental health. Your doctor can discuss possible side effects and recommend other medications to treat your depression, if required. Benzodiazepines can cause serious, potentially life-threatening issues if you take too much or have never previously taken them. If you are pregnant or breastfeeding or have a history of liver disease or respiratory or digestive issues or liver disease your doctor may limit the duration of treatment or prescribe lower doses. Alcohol can negatively interact with benzodiazepines, increasing the risk of side effects and dependence. Avoid drinking alcohol while taking these medications. Beta-blockers Beta-blockers are a drug that can be used to aid in the control of anxiety symptoms. They are a different kind of drug than the benzodiazepines such as Xanax, and they block receptors that adrenaline bonds to. They also slow down brain and nervous system functions. They can be used in lieu of benzodiazepines, which are more addictive and have an increased risk of dependency. Beta blockers are typically prescribed to treat heart problems, and can be helpful in treating anxiety since they reduce blood pressure and slow the heart rate. However, they aren't specifically approved by the FDA to treat of anxiety disorders. They are prescribed “off-label” to treat anxiety disorders. They are an excellent option if other antianxiety medications don't work or have unacceptable side effects. They are particularly efficient in cases of performance anxiety and social anxiety, where unpleasant symptoms can manifest when you are experiencing events that trigger anxiety. They can also be utilized in combination with other treatment modalities like CBT or SSRIs. They are especially effective as an additional therapy for people suffering from GAD which is characterised by constant and persistent anxiety that affects daily activities. They can also be helpful in managing physical symptoms of anxiety, like an increased heart rate or sweating. Beta-blockers may help manage the physical symptoms of anxiety, they cannot tackle the psychological issues that contribute to the anxiety. They are best used to complement other treatments, such as SSRIs or benzodiazepines. Before you start taking beta-blockers, it is crucial to talk to your doctor about your medical history and any other health issues. These drugs are associated with reduced psychiatric admissions and suicidal behaviors, however the results may differ based on the specific psychiatric diagnoses and past psychiatric histories. In addition, they are linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events in certain patients. There are panic anxiety disorder that have beta-blocker-like properties, but they are not as effective as prescription medications. These include antioxidants, garlic, the saffron plant, and potassium. The efficacy of these natural products isn't fully understood. Certain of these products can cause serious side-effects, therefore it's best to consult a physician prior to taking them. Monoamine oxidase inhibitors Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) are used to alter the way your brain functions. They interfere with the function of an enzyme known as monoamine oxidase, which breaks down the chemicals norepinephrine and serotonin, which allow brain cells to communicate with each with each other. By blocking monoamine oxidase MAOIs ensure that you have more chemical messengers in your brain, which boosts your mood by enhancing brain cell communication. These drugs are also effective for treating anxiety disorders. This includes agoraphobia mixed depression and anxiety states. They are not as effective for pure anxiety and might not help in panic attacks. The effectiveness of MAOIs has been due to the fact that they increase levels of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin in the brain. These neurotransmitters, which are naturally produced by the body and released into the bloodstream, where they are absorbed by nerve cells and act as messengers. The first antidepressant that was developed in the 1950s was iproniazid, which inhibited monoamine oxidase. This led to the development of additional MAOIs, like tranylcypromine or isocarboxazid. These have long been known to help treat depression. MAOIs are usually prescribed after other types of antidepressants, such as tricyclic antidepressants or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, have been tried without success. Because they may cause interactions with food and drugs, and may cause serious withdrawal syndrome if stopped suddenly, MAOIs are typically only utilized for patients who fail to respond to other treatments. A newer type of MAOI, known as an irreversible and selective MAO-A inhibitor, is being studied for use in treatment resistant depression. It is not recommended to use in bipolar disorder as it can precipitate manic symptoms. Another newer MAOI, called selegiline (Eldepryl or Zelapar) is being researched for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It blocks monoamine oxidese but does not affect other enzymes that break down levodopa, the primary treatment for Parkinson's. These drugs can be used either on their own or in combination with other antidepressants. In some patients, the MAOIs could trigger a reaction that causes increased neuromuscular excitability and hyper-reflexia. This may manifest as muscle twitching or eyelid flickering. These reactions can be more common when these drugs are taken with certain foods like aged cheeses or preserved meats.